GNO files

.gno files contain optional notes to accompany GEN files for new breeds.

The C3/DS information on the Gameware site (linked to below) is incomplete and inaccurate. In particular there are a few places where there are a couple of extra zero bytes and the files have large amounts of zero padding as well as some additional undocumented values at the end of the file.

File Format
This information applies to c2e (C3/DS) only. See the external links below for C1/C2.

All multi-byte values in the file are in little endian notation.

A BNF like description of the file format follows.

   ::=     ::=  count*   ::=  count*   ::= 2-byte-integer ::= count* ::= word-sized-integer  ::= , <gene-sub-type>, <unique-id>, <rule-number> ,              <Annotation-List>, ,              <general-note>

<Caption-Note> := <gene-type>, <gene-sub-type>, <unique-id>, ,                  <rich-text-annotation> <gene-type>      ::= word-sized-integer <gene-sub-type>  ::= word-sized-integer <unique-id>      ::= word-sized-integer <rule-number>    ::= word-sized-integer ::= word-sized-integer | <Annotation-List> ::= 16* <general-note>   ::= ::= <rich-text-annotation> ::=

<zero-padding> ::= { '0x00' }

<Encoding-Hints> ::= '0xDC050000'=1500, '0x3F420F00'=999999, '0x0D00'=13 '0x0200'=2 '0x0E00'=14

The  values are two (0x0200) in all observed cases.

The  and   are the same as in genome files.

The  is value from 0 to 255, it is shown under the "G-ID" column in the Genetics Kit. It is the combination of gene type, sub-type, and this ID that uniquely identifies a caption and attaches the caption to a specific gene in the genome.

The  is either 0 or 1. Zero is the initialisation rule and one is the update rule.

The sixteen annotations in an  are for each of the sixteen possible instructions in an SVRule.

The 's   is shown under the "Description" column of the Genetics Kit and names the gene.

The  is shown with the "Notes" button on the gene editing dialog of the Genetics Kit. It is in Microsoft's RTF format. The original caption files provided with Creatures 3 only contain a single (for the chemical receptor gene captioned as "091 Belladonna poisoning - Receptor").

The  fields are zero (0x0000) in all observed cases. It is unclear if this is a reserved integer value or a reserved string value (of length zero). When writing a program to parse caption files care should be taken if these bytes are non-zero since if the value is meant to be interpreted as a string then the size of the enclosing or  will be different then expected.

Padding and "encoding" used by Genetics Kit
The  appears to be the correct number of zeros such that if they were interpreted as  or   records (with zero-length strings) then there would be a total of 3001 records (of each type). It is believed that this number of records is related to the values in the bytes at the end of the file.

Reverse engineering of the Genetics Kit indicates that when opening a caption file it reads the last ten (10) bytes of the file first. If checks for the exact sequence for the integer value "999999" (as a magic number) and does some verification of the other values. The "13" and "14" values are thought to be some kind of record size indication, the genetics kit verifies that the two values differ by one. The "2" value is thought to be the word size or file format version number.

If the values of the last ten bytes check out then the Genetics Kit reads the four bytes immediately preceding them. It is thought that this value is the array size and relates to there being enough zero padding for 3001 records, the genetics kit compares the read value to exactly "1500". At this point the Genetics Kit repositions to the beginning of the file and it either uses VBA routines to read arrays (if the  match its expectations) or it falls back to reading the file record by record.

Since all known caption files contain the padding, the "record-by-record" parsing method in the Genetics Kit is normally not used. It is therefore uncertain if it is as robust or error-free as the normal routines used to parse the file. When writing software to write a caption files this should be taken into account when considering if the padding method and undocumented bytes should be emulated or not.

Related links

 * GEN files
 * Genetics